Study on quality and efficacy of commercial tylosin and doxycycline products against local isolates of mycoplasma in broilers

The present study was conducted to investigate the quality and efficacy of commercially available preparations of tylosin and doxycycline available in the local market at Peshawar for poultry. In vitro and in vivo, tests were conducted to check the quality of these antimicrobial drugs. In vitro quality control test was performed by High performance liquid chromatographic [HPLC] and micro dilution method. In vivo, efficacy of the test drugs was checked in broilers infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Results of HPLC indicated that test drug-2 contains doxycycline hydrochloride within specified limits but contain high quantity of active ingredient [Tylosin tartrate 120%]. Recovery percentage of test drugs [3, 4, 5] were below the pharmacopoeial limit, which contained low quantity of tylosin tartrate [85%, 87.5%, 85%] respectively however, percent recovery of doxycycline were in the appropriate limits. All the tested drugs were effective against Mycoplasma gallisepticum and showed minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] at 1.9micro g/ml. The in vivo result indicated that all tested drugs decreased morbidity and mortality in infected chicks. The birds treated with test drugs [3 and 5] showed mortality of 9.5%, which was slightly higher than the other test groups. The current study suggested that there are incidences of substandard drugs in Pakistan and the drug regularity authorities should take strict actions against the manufacturing companies

Diagnostic laparoscopy in the management of post appendectomy pain right iliac fossa

Objective: To determine the cause for pain right iliac fossa [RIF] after Appendectomy by Diagnostic laparoscopy in patients with normal investigations

Study Design: A Prospective Observational study

Place and Duration: Surgical A ward, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, from April 2009 to May 2011

Methodology: All those patient who continued to have pain in the RIF, more than 6 weeks after appendectomy,or more than 3 opd visits and normal investigations of genitourinary system and abdominopelvic ultrasound were included. Patients with symptoms of genitourinary system and pelvic inflammatory disease [PID] were excluded

Results: Fifty three patients were included in the study. Age range was from 15-42 years with 23 [43. 39%] patients aged less than 20 years, 15 [28.30%] 21-30 years,11 [20.75%] 31-40 years and 4 [7.54%] were above 40 years. Males were 19 [35.84%] and 34 [64.15%] were females, In 41 [77.35%] cases appendectomy had been done in emergency as they presented as acute appendicitis and 12 [22.64 %] were elective cases. Appendectomy was performed by open method in 45 cases [84.90%] and laparoscopically in 8 [15.09%] patients Diagnostic Laparoscopy was done in all patients and the findings included, adhesions in 21 cases [39.62%] tuberculosis in 9 cases [16.98%], PID in 7 cases [13.20%], ovarian cyst in 5 cases [9.43%] and a long appendicular stump in 2 [3.77%] and 1 [1.88%] terminal ileitis, while no cause was found in 8 [15.09%] patients

Conclusions: Post appendectomy pain RIF can be due to postoperative adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts and abdominal tuberculosis. Diagnostic laparoscopy should be done to find out the cause in patients with inconclusive investigations

Transabdominal preperitoneal laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair

To determine the outcome of transabdominal preperitoneal [TAPP] inguinal hernia repair. Descriptive study. At Surgical C Unit, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, from April 2010 to June 2011. A total of 88 patients, aged between 16-60 year were included in the study and subjected to transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. The outcome measures such as operative time, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 38.64 +/- 9.04 year. The mean operative time was 60.13 +/- 14.76 minutes. The mean hospital stay was 1.45 +/- 0.72 days. The postoperative complications were urinary retention [n=1 - 1.1%], wound hematoma [n=1 - 1.1%], surgical site infection [n=2 - 2.2%] and recurrence of hernia [n=1 - 1.1%]. Transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair is associated with minimal complications but requires a long learning curve